Verses 150 of Sūrat al-Aʿrāf and 92–93 of Sūrat Ṭā Hā describe the apparently harsh confrontation of the Prophet Moses (Mūsā, peace be upon him) with his brother, the Prophet Aaron (Hārūn, peace be upon him), following the episode of the Israelites' worship of the golden calf. These verses present one of the most challenging exegetical issues in the Qur'an. Given that both prophets, like all divine messengers, are protected by ʿiṣmah (infallibility) from sin and error, how can Aaron's apparent silence in the face of the Israelites' idolatry and Moses' subsequent severe rebuke of him be explained? This study argues that Moses' conduct should be understood as a pedagogical and corrective measure intended to awaken the Children of Israel (Banū Isrāʾīl). The public nature of this confrontation led the Israelites to repentance, eradicated the roots of shirk (polytheism) and dualistic tendencies from their community, and ultimately saved the lives of tens of thousands of people. The proposed interpretation is grounded in the rhetorical principle of iyyāka aʿnī wa ismaʿī yā jārah ("I address you, but I intend another"), according to which the apparent addressee is not the ultimate object of the message. This interpretation accounts for all dimensions of the incident, satisfactorily resolves the principal objections raised in its regard, and remains fully consistent with both the outward meaning of the Qur'anic verses and the doctrine of prophetic infallibility. Furthermore, the study maintains that Moses' initial judgment concerning Aaron's conduct was based on the apparent circumstances (ẓawāhir al-amr), since prophets are not obliged to judge on the basis of unseen knowledge (ʿilm al-ghayb) unless divinely instructed to do so.